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9 Pediatric Emergency Essentials

Why your local emergency room may not be equipped to deal with child health issues -- and what you should do
By Melanie Howard

When to go to the ER -- and when to call the doc

Call 911 if your child:


  • Has difficulty breathing or is choking
  • Has any bleeding that doesn't stop after applying pressure for a few minutes
  • Has a large or deep cut, or one that affects the head, chest, or abdomen
  • Has a large burn, especially one that involves the hands, feet, groin, chest, or face
  • Has severe pain that is persistent or worsening
  • Has a seizure (place your child on the floor, on his side; do not put anything in his mouth)
  • Becomes unconscious, or fails to respond
  • Has skin or lips that look blue, purple, or gray
  • Develops sudden neck stiffness along with a rash and a fever
  • Has any loss of consciousness, confusion, headache, or vomiting after a head injury

Reminder: Do not move a seriously injured child unless he's in immediate danger from something else.

Call your doctor first if your child:


  • Has vomiting or diarrhea that lasts for more than a few hours
  • Has a rash, especially with fever
  • Has a cough or cold that does not improve after several days or gets worse
  • Has a cut you think may require stitches
  • Limps or is unable to move an arm or leg
  • Has problems swallowing
  • Has sharp or persistent abdominal pain
  • Has a rectal temperature of 100.4°F or higher (in a baby under 2 months with no other symptoms)
  • Experiences any of the following, even if he has no obvious symptoms: bicycle or car crash, a fall, sports injury, burn or smoke inhalation, electric shock, near drowning or choking

Reminder: For poisoning, call Poison Control (800-222-1222), then your pediatrician.

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